1
HIgher Education Governance and Infrastructure
- Academic freedom in policy and practice
- Sectoral independence and participatory governance
- Corruption and transparency in higher education systems
- Bureaucratic structures and institutional efficiency
- Equity and transparency in admission systems (mofadaleh)
- Gaps in physical and digital infrastructure
2
Economic & Social Role of Higher Education
- Mismatch between graduate skills and labor market needs
- Disconnection between academic specialisations and societal priorities
- Marginalisation of certain disciplines
- Student engagement in societal transformation
- The role of faculty in public and civic life
5
Scientific Research and Innovation
- The integration of research in undergraduate and graduate education
- Barriers to research productivity and innovation culture
- Incorporating scientific research in the education process
- Promoting transdisciplinary and collaborative research skills
- Establishing structured research opportunities, mentorship frameworks, and funding.
- Address development and reconstruction challenges